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Flare Nut Line
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Carefully inspect all hydraulic hose and fittings at regular intervals to ensure airworthiness. Investigate any evidence of fluid loss or leaks. Check metal tubes for leaks, loose anchorage, scratches, kinks, or other damage. Inspect fittings and connections for leakage, looseness, cracks, burrs, or other damage. Replace or repair defective elements. Make sure the hoses do not chafe against one another and are correctly secured and clamped.

a. Replacement of Metal tube. When inspection shows hydraulic hose to be damaged or defective replace the entire line or, if the damaged section is localized, a repair section may be inserted. In replacing aircraft hose, always use tubing of the same size and material as the original line. Use the old tubing as a template when bending the new tube, unless it is too greatly damaged, in which case a template can be made from soft iron wire. Soft aluminum tubing (1100, 3003, or 5052) under half-inch outside diameter may be bent by hand. For all other tubing use an acceptable hand or power tube-bending tool. Bend tubing carefully to avoid excessive flattening, kinking, or wrinkling. A small amount of flattening in bends is acceptable, but do not exceed 75 percent of the original outside diameter. Excessive flattening will cause fatigue failure of the hydraulic tube. When installing the replacement tubing line it up correctly with the mating part so that it is not forced into alignment by tightening of the coupling nuts.

b. Hose couplings and Tube Connections. Many tube connections are made using flared tube ends with
standard connection fittings: AN-818 (MS 20818) nut and AN-819 (MS 20819) sleeve. In forming flares, cut the tube ends square, file smooth, remove all burrs and sharp edges, and thoroughly clean. The tubing is then flared using the correct 37-degree aviation flare forming tool for the size of tubing and type of fitting. A double flare is used on soft aluminum tubing 3/8-inch outside diameter and under, and a single flare on all other tubing. In making the connections, use hydraulic fluid as a lubricant and then tighten. Overtightening will damage the tube or fitting, which may cause a failure. Under-tightening may cause leakage which could result in a system failure.

CAUTION: Mistaken use of 45-degree automotive flare forming tools may result in improper tubing flare shape and angle; causing misfit, stress and strain, and probable system failure.

c. Repair of aircraft hydraulic Metal Tube Lines. Minor dents and scratches in tubing may be repaired. Scratches or nicks not deeper than 10 percent of the wall thickness in aluminum alloy tubing, that are not in the heel of a bend, may be repaired by burnishing with hand tools. Replace lines with severe die marks, seams, or splits in the tube. Any crack or deformity in a flare is unacceptable and cause for rejection. A dent less than 20 percent of the tube diameter is not objectionable unless it is in the heel of a bend. A severely-damaged line should be replaced; however, it may be repaired by cutting out the damaged section and inserting a tube section of the same size and material. Flare both ends of the undamaged and replacement tube sections and make the connection by using standard unions, sleeves, and tube nuts.If the damaged portion is short enough, omit the insert tube and repair by using one union and two sets of connection hose fittings.

d.Replacement of Flexible Hose. When replacement of flexible hose is necessary, use the same type, size, part number, and length of hose as the line to be replaced. Check TSO requirements. If the replacement of a hose with a swaged-end type fitting is necessary, obtain new hydraulic hose assemblies of the correct size and composition. Certain synthetic oils require a specially compounded synthetic rubber hose, which is compatible. Refer to the aircraft manufacturer's service information for the correct part number for the replacement hose. If the fittings on each end are of the correct type or sleeve type, a replacement may be fabricated. Before cutting new flexible wire braided hose to the proper size, tape the hose tightly with masking tape and cut in the center of the masking tape to prevent fraying. The use of a mandrel will prevent cutting the inside of the hose when inserting the fittings. Install hose assemblies without twisting. A hose should not be stretched tight between two fittings as this will result in overstressing and eventual failure. The length of hose should be sufficient to provide about 5 to 8 percent slack. Avoid tight bends in flex lines as they may result in failure. Never exceed the minimum bend radii.

(1) Teflon hose is used in many aircraft systems because it has superior qualities for certain applications. Teflon is compounded from tetrafluoroethylene resin which is unaffected by fluids normally used in aircraft. It has an operating range of -65°F to 450 °F. For these reasons, Teflon hose is used in hydraulic and engine lubricating systems where temperatures and pressures preclude the use of rubber hose. Although Teflon hose has excellent performance qualities, it also has peculiar characteristics that require extra care in handling. It tends to assume a permanent set when exposed to high pressure or temperature. Do not attempt to straighten a hose that has been in service. Any excessive bending or twisting may cause kinking or weakening of the tubing wall. Replace any hose that shows signs of leakage, abrasion, or kinking. Any hose suspected of kinking may be checked with a steel ball of proper size.The ball will not pass through if the hose is distorted beyond limits.

(2) If the hose fittings are of the reusable type, a replacement hose may be fabricated. When a hose assembly is removed, the ends should be tied, so that the preformed shape will be maintained.

(3) All flexible hose installations should be supported at least every 24 inches. Closer supports are preferred. They should be carefully routed and securely clamped to avoid abrasion, kinking, or excessive flexing. Excessive flexing may cause weakening of the hose or loosening at the fittings.

aviation-database.com is a great help to anyone operating within the industry. "Buying from" or "selling to" aerospace companies, you can put contact emails straight into your address book in Outlook Express, you can compile a list of addresses in a print basket, you can use hotlinks to bounce straight onto other aerospace company websites. Aircraft Hydraulic Hose and Fittings are just one of the many product lines featured in the article provided to aviation-database by Saywell International, a top company in the field of aircraft component supply, in recognition of the website's value to the industry as a means of targeting advertising.

Auto Air Conditioning Dealer Service Center Maintenance

Summer time is coming. Summer is just around the corner. So will be summer heat and breakdowns of automotive air conditioning systems - perhaps either yours or those of other motorists and vehicle owners.

It's not just as easy to work on an automotive air conditioning system as "opening the fridge". What basic steps and precautions should and must be employed when it comes to being around as well as working on these automotive air conditions be it car, truck, van or S.U.V.

First of all avoid contact with charged refrigeration systems, even when working on another part of the vehicles air conditioning system or vehicle. For example if a heavy tool comes into contact with a section of copper tubing or a heat exchanger it can easily cause the relatively soft and even fragile material to rupture. This is especially and evens more true and an inherent danger if the part or component is under direct pressure.

Next when it comes necessary to apply force to a fitting which contains refrigerant, such as when checking and verifying that all securely tightened , be sure to make it a practice and indeed habit to use a solid wrench on both parts of the fitting involved, well at least to how much is both practical in the situation or possible. It can be said by doing so, that this will best avoid putting "torque" on the refrigerant tubing. On top of that, it is advisable if at all possible to use either tube or line wrenches when tightening "flare "nut fittings.

It is always best and wise practice and now indeed not allowed and illegal according to the rules of most states and regions not to ever discharge an air conditioning system merely by loosening a fitting or removing service valves. To do so is to risk large fines, your mechanics license and accreditation and of course your reputation and livelihood. What used to be standard practice years and years ago in the automotive trade is now simply not allowed and illegal on top of that.

When working on systems make it a practice never to start a system without first verifying that both service valves are back seated. If so equipped and that all fittings throughout the system are snugly connected. As well avoid applying heat to any refrigerant line or storage container. Charging may be aided and assisted by using water heated to 125 degrees F ( that is equivalent to 52 degrees Celsius) to warm the refrigerant container or containers. However never ever allow a refrigerant storage container to sit out in the sun, much like you are careful never to leave over inflated tires in a similar situation. Or near any other source of heat - such as an auto radiator.

Lastly two points. First of all even though it may be in the hot dead of summer always remember that frost bite from rapidly deflated liquid refrigerant is always a safety concern and danger inherent in this field of auto repair. It's no accident that often the work of repair of auto air conditioners is left to highly trained specialists. If frostbite does occur, it should be treated by first warming the area with cool water, and then gently applying petroleum jelly. A physician should be consulted.

Finally make it a solid point always to wear protective goggles when working on an air conditioning system. Accidents can happen in a flash when working on air conditioning systems. Your eyes are a most precious gift, resource and tool to anyone working on and working with automotive vehicles Always wear eye protection when working with and on auto air conditioning systems.

This way both you and your customers will be happily and safely driving down the roads and highways in cool air conditioned comfort.

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FLEAS....help!?

Both of my dogs and my cat have fleas so badly at the moment. It is the end of summer so hopefully they won't be around for much longer, but in the mean time, they are driving my animals nuts! We've tried every single over the counter flea product from washes to lines and topspots to collars to tablets and we can't get rid of them for more than a day. It's gotten to the point where every second day i'm taking to the animals with a flea comb and tweezers. Even with this, the fleas are back within a day. And i'm not talking about a couple of fleas, i'm talking about 30-50 fleas. I feel so bad that my pets have these and it's flaring up an eczema type rash on my malamute. What can i do? Any home remedies to get rid of fleas and help stop the itch on the animals? thanks!

DO NOT USE FRONTLINE OR ADVANTIX!!!

Please visit http://search.onlynaturalpet.com/search.aspx?searchterms=flea-tick-control for natural SAFE & effective products & http://www.onlynaturalpet.com/KnowledgeBase/knowledgebasedetail.aspx?articleid=53&Keywords= for more information.

Please, be very weary of vets & commercial products!

And remember: the best parasitic repellent is a HEALTHY animal, something yours will most certainly not be should you opt for the chemically laden & immune surpressing spot-on treatments, collars etc. !!!

Good Luck

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This entry was posted on Wednesday, July 8th, 2009 at 5:23 pm and is filed under Tool Sets. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.