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Drive Fwd Axle
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It's easy: Where the engine only drives the front wheels. Even I said, "That's it? Are you sure?" In order to tell you the way it works, I have to include the history; so sit down, relax, & just read.

It all started between the years of 1895 & 1898; an automaker from Austria named Gräf & Stift created a "mini car" that was powered by the engine being in front of the vehicle instead of the back. This powered the front axle which made it known as "The First Front-Wheel Drive Automobile". There are only two manufactured in the whole world!

Anyway, when the actual automobiles first started coming out, that's when the experiments started with the Front-Wheel Drive. A man named J. Walter Christie was actually working on a FWD car that he can promote & "show off" by competing with it at a variety of speedways in the United States. By 1912, he got confident enough to start manufacturing FWD for fire engine tractors; but sales weren't as high as he hoped for so he failed... unfortunately.

In 1924, the Miller 122 racecar was one of the first vehicles to compete with Front-Wheel Drive. Since the idea was still considered to be "out there" with the automotive industry, no real automotive manufacturer decided to pick up on the idea. About five years later, the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) was determined enough to produce a three-wheeler Front-Wheel Drive vehicle. This only lasted until about 1936 because sports cars & touring models finally became available to the public & that's what consumers preferred to buy. By this time, all of the foreign models included FWD & by the late 1930s, the United States released the Cord 810 with the engine behind the transmission which offered better steering & better weight distribution.

When 1948 rolled around, some French automaker named Citroën made the FWD even more popular by placing the flat twin engine in the front wheels. In 1954, an automobile manufacturer by the name of Alfa Romeo was testing with his first FWD car; it had the same layout as the Citroën model, but since it was based in Italy & Italy had some financial troubles after the war, this idea had failed, too. Five years later, the British Motor Corporation released the Austin Mini; this vehicle was in actuality, the first car that had a four cylinder engine that was installed obliquely & not like your average FWD engine would be installed. This structure entitled the space for passengers & luggage in the car. It eventually caught on & now, that's the formation that we have in our modern cars today.

Mini Cooper made this format popular by 1959; but by the 1960s, Simca (another manufacturer) decided to design it by keeping the engine & transmission in line, but transversely set up-which is the layout that we use for our Front-Wheel Drive cars today. In 1978, the Corporate Average Fuel Economy had all American-Made Economy-Efficient vehicles be made as FWD; and by 1982, Front-Wheel Drive was the basic form for mid-sized cars in the United States. This eventually caught on with Japan manufacturers so all of their cars were beginning to be sold as FWD. When the mid-1990s rolled around, most American vehicle producers only sold a few cars that had Rear-Wheel Drive.

As of today, most cars sold worldwide are FWD & only larger model cars such as Chevrolet & Ford Trucks are beginning to have the option of RWD included with them; and even smaller cars like the Ford Mustang include RWD since it has so much power!

That's pretty much how it all started, how it works, & everything else that you have to know.

Mykalanne Gutierrez
http://www.originalwheels.com/
5611 Kimball Ct., Chino, Ca., 91710
909-597-2600 / 800-826-5880

2009 Chevrolet Traverse Review

The 2009 Chevrolet Traverse, available in base LS, mid-range LT and top-of-the-line LTZ models, slides in below the Saturn Outlook in price yet gives up nothing in value. As the last of GM's quartet of new-generation three-row crossovers, including the Buick Enclave and GMC Acadia), the Traverse may be the best bargain of all.

Not by accident, the Traverse looks a bit like a tall-wagon version of Chevy's popular Malibu. Beginning with its Chevy signature split grille, its lines are taut and its shape smoothly aerodynamic to reduce wind drag and noise. Its body overhangs ahead of and behind the large wheels are minimized to reduce visual length, a distinctive kick-up above the rear wheels sets off the window line, and there are turn signal "repeaters" in its side mirrors.

The cabin can accommodate eight adults with a 60/40-split three-passenger bench or seven with available captain's chairs. Standard third-row seating is a 60/40 bench with a generous 24.4 cu. ft. of cargo room behind it. The instrument panel, a Chevy heritage dual-cockpit design housing two large gauge binnacles surrounded by bright trim rings, is mounted low and forward to enhance visibility, with the available navigation screen prominently integrated at its upper-center.

The direct-injected 3.6-liter V-6 delivers V-8-like power yet runs on regular unleaded gas. With available dual exhausts, its rated output swells to 288 hp and 270 lb.-ft. of torque. Direct injection sprays fuel directly into each cylinder, where it is mixed with air, then vaporizes, which cools the air/fuel mixture. That enables a higher compression ratio, which improves both performance and efficiency, so less fuel can deliver more power compared to conventional port-injection. EPA economy is better than most, and as good as any in this segment, at 24 mpg highway and 17 city with front-wheel drive (FWD) and one mpg less with available all-wheel drive (AWD).

The advanced six-speed automatic delivers smooth, clutch-to-clutch shifting with shift stabilization and automatic grade braking in both FWD and AWD models. Its aggressive 4.48:1 first gear delivers excellent launch feel, while its tall 0.74:1 overdrive top gear lowers rpm to conserve fuel at highway speeds. The available intelligent AWD system reacts to wheel speed, throttle and surface conditions to provide increased traction on slippery roads by actively managing torque distribution between the front and rear axles. It automatically decides how much torque to apply and delivers it to the wheels with the best traction.

Riding on a long 118.9-in. wheelbase with wide (67.8-in. front and 67.4-in. rear) tracks and a relatively low center of gravity, the Traverse provides a surprisingly crisp and smooth ride, responsive handling. Suspension is MacPherson struts with aluminum knuckles and a direct-acting stabilizer bar in front and a compact independent "H" design with isolated mounting in back. This design also features a near-flat floor pan to maximize passenger and cargo space. Wheels and tires are 17-, 18- or 20-in. depending on the model.

Four-wheel disc brakes with ABS, StabiliTrak electronic stability control with preventative rollover mitigation, traction control, tire pressure monitoring and power rack-and-pinion steering are standard, with variable-effort boost available. The standard electronic braking system features Panic Brake Assist (PBA)), Dynamic Rear Proportioning (DRP), and Hydraulic Brake Boost (HBB). DRP optimizes front to rear brake balance based on driving conditions and vehicle loading, HBB amplifies braking force to reduce stopping distance when engine vacuum is low and PBA assists emergency stopping by maintaining or adding brake pressure even if the driver backs off.

Also standard are second-row sliding seats, heated power outside mirrors with blind-spot mirrors, XM Satellite Radio and GM OnStar with one year Directions & Connections service, which features "Turn-by-Turn" navigation instructions, Bluetooth-enabled hands-free calling and an Advanced Crash Response System. A "360-degree" safety system includes new anchor pretensioners for outboard occupants and six standard airbags that cover all three rows. Its rollover sensing system activates the head curtain bags and belt pretensioners if sensors conclude that a rollover is imminent, and the bags stay inflated longer to help keep occupants from being ejected. If a crash activates an airbag, the OnStar system automatically notifies an OnStar advisor, who immediately calls the vehicle and summons emergency help.

About the Author

autoMedia.com boasts more than 60,000 pages of original auto articles, including more than 2,100 features researched and written by leading automotive experts, covering car buying, maintenance and technology. For automotive advice you can trust, read more about the 2009 Chevrolet Traverse, including the latest pricing, rebates and incentives, photo galleries and more along as well as details on all Chevrolet Models.

Why do people feel that 4WD vehicles are safer to drive than FWD or RWD?

I learned to drive when you could only find 4WD on large 3/4 ton trucks and very few cars were FWD. My 1st 2 vehicles were RWD long before Traction Control or Stability Control.

And when I owned a 4WD pickup living in the midwest and northeast, I only used my 4WD maybe 2 days out of the year on average. And ony because I wanted to. Not because I needed to. The days I probably needed to, I used a vacation day and stayed at home.

Considering the fuel I wasted lugging around 750 lbs of transferfer case and axles around for the other 363 days, I was really screwing myself.

Anyone else share my opinion? Or are folks just real wusses and believe the hype that the car companies are selling them as far as expensive 4WD SUVs are concerned?

I'm like you; I think people place far too much confidence in 4WD. It sure doesn't help you stop, and I doubt it's much better on icy roads at holding the road at 70 MPH.
It depends on where you live, I'm sure, if one should have it. You're right, that's a lot of extra weight to lug around and a lot more parts to maintain or wear out.
I have only had FWD cars for the past eight years or so and have never gotten stuck. There's only been two days I couldn't get around in the snow, and we had 15 inches of snow. Everything was closed up in town, anyway.
However, there are some rural areas that don't get plowed quickly, and for some people, such as mail carriers, construction workers, or real estate agents, I could see where they're very beneficial.
People who drive SUVs always seem to think they're so safe, but they forget the first component to being safe is staying out of the accident in the first place. I once spun out a rental car in the rain on the Interstate and ended up in the median. It hit the rain-soaked ground so hard that grass and mud were in between the sidewall and rim. I have no doubt if I were in a pickup or (worse), SUV, I would have rolled it.

2011 Toyota Sienna XLE 3.5L AWD Review
...with the 2011 Sienna, Toyota goes from mid-pack to head of the minivan field.

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This entry was posted on Sunday, April 25th, 2010 at 9:57 am and is filed under Sockets And Ratchets. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.